{"id":3477,"date":"2026-02-04T18:02:30","date_gmt":"2026-02-04T17:02:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/descartes.tn\/?p=3477"},"modified":"2026-02-04T18:09:01","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T17:09:01","slug":"un-simple-comprime-pourrait-ralentir-le-diabete-de-type-1-des-le-diagnostic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/descartes.tn\/index.php\/2026\/02\/04\/un-simple-comprime-pourrait-ralentir-le-diabete-de-type-1-des-le-diagnostic\/","title":{"rendered":"Un simple comprim\u00e9 pourrait ralentir le diab\u00e8te de type 1 d\u00e8s le diagnostic"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Une \u00e9quipe de chercheurs australiens explore une nouvelle approche th\u00e9rapeutique capable de freiner la destruction des cellules productrices d\u2019insuline d\u00e8s les premi\u00e8res semaines du diab\u00e8te de type 1. Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s r\u00e9cemment lors d\u2019un congr\u00e8s europ\u00e9en, ces r\u00e9sultats pourraient transformer la prise en charge pr\u00e9coce de la maladie.<\/p>\n\n\n
\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
Une maladie auto-immune aux cons\u00e9quences imm\u00e9diates<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Le diab\u00e8te de type 1 se distingue par son apparition brutale. En quelques semaines, le syst\u00e8me immunitaire d\u00e9truit les cellules b\u00eata du pancr\u00e9as, responsables de la production d\u2019insuline. D\u00e8s le diagnostic, les patients doivent recourir \u00e0 des injections quotidiennes pour contr\u00f4ler leur glyc\u00e9mie. Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, aucun traitement n\u2019\u00e9tait capable d\u2019agir sur le m\u00e9canisme m\u00eame de la maladie \u00e0 ses d\u00e9buts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Le baricitinib, une piste d\u00e9j\u00e0 connue en m\u00e9decine<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
L\u2019\u00e9tude australienne, baptis\u00e9e BANDIT<\/strong> (Baricitinib in New Onset Type 1 Diabetes<\/em>), s\u2019est int\u00e9ress\u00e9e au baricitinib, un m\u00e9dicament d\u00e9j\u00e0 utilis\u00e9 dans certaines maladies auto-immunes comme la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde ou l\u2019alop\u00e9cie. Cette mol\u00e9cule agit en bloquant les kinases JAK, des enzymes impliqu\u00e9es dans les r\u00e9actions inflammatoires responsables de l\u2019attaque du pancr\u00e9as.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Entre 2023 et 2024, 91 patients \u00e2g\u00e9s de 10 \u00e0 30 ans, diagnostiqu\u00e9s depuis moins de 100 jours, ont particip\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019essai. Pendant 48 semaines, ils ont re\u00e7u soit un comprim\u00e9 quotidien de baricitinib, soit un placebo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Des r\u00e9sultats encourageants d\u00e8s la premi\u00e8re ann\u00e9e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Les donn\u00e9es pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es en septembre 2025 au congr\u00e8s de l\u2019Association europ\u00e9enne pour l\u2019\u00e9tude du diab\u00e8te (EASD) montrent que les patients trait\u00e9s conservent une meilleure production d\u2019insuline. Leur taux de peptide C, un marqueur cl\u00e9 de la fonction pancr\u00e9atique, reste plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 que chez les patients sous placebo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Les participants sous baricitinib pr\u00e9sentent \u00e9galement une glyc\u00e9mie plus stable, avec moins de variations extr\u00eames, et des besoins en insuline l\u00e9g\u00e8rement r\u00e9duits. Aucun effet secondaire notable n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 rapport\u00e9, un point essentiel pour un traitement administr\u00e9 pr\u00e9cocement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Un effet qui d\u00e9pend de la dur\u00e9e du traitement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Le suivi prolong\u00e9 jusqu\u2019\u00e0 96 semaines r\u00e9v\u00e8le toutefois une limite importante : apr\u00e8s l\u2019arr\u00eat du traitement, l\u2019effet protecteur diminue progressivement. La production d\u2019insuline baisse et les diff\u00e9rences entre les deux groupes s\u2019att\u00e9nuent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ces r\u00e9sultats indiquent que le baricitinib ne gu\u00e9rit pas le diab\u00e8te de type 1, mais qu\u2019il peut en ralentir l\u2019\u00e9volution tant qu\u2019il est administr\u00e9. Environ deux tiers des patients ont n\u00e9anmoins montr\u00e9 une r\u00e9ponse positive, sans que les chercheurs puissent encore identifier quels profils en b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient le plus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vers une nouvelle strat\u00e9gie de prise en charge pr\u00e9coce<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Cette \u00e9tude ouvre une perspective in\u00e9dite : intervenir d\u00e8s le diagnostic pour pr\u00e9server, m\u00eame temporairement, la capacit\u00e9 naturelle du corps \u00e0 produire de l\u2019insuline. Une approche qui pourrait am\u00e9liorer la qualit\u00e9 de vie des patients, faciliter le contr\u00f4le glyc\u00e9mique et repousser certaines complications \u00e0 long terme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Des essais compl\u00e9mentaires seront n\u00e9cessaires avant une \u00e9ventuelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ralisation, mais cette avanc\u00e9e marque un changement de paradigme : le diab\u00e8te de type 1 pourrait, \u00e0 l\u2019avenir, \u00eatre frein\u00e9 d\u00e8s ses premiers jours, plut\u00f4t que simplement compens\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Une \u00e9quipe de chercheurs australiens explore une nouvelle approche th\u00e9rapeutique capable de freiner la destruction des cellules productrices d\u2019insuline d\u00e8s les premi\u00e8res semaines du diab\u00e8te de type 1. Pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s r\u00e9cemment lors d\u2019un congr\u00e8s europ\u00e9en, ces r\u00e9sultats pourraient transformer la prise en charge pr\u00e9coce de la maladie. Une maladie auto-immune aux cons\u00e9quences imm\u00e9diates Le diab\u00e8te de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3479,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,9],"tags":[7096,7082,7088,7080,7098,7092,7089,7094,7086,7084],"class_list":["post-3477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","category-sante","tag-australie","tag-baricitinib","tag-cellule-beta","tag-diabete-de-type-1","tag-easd","tag-essai-clinique","tag-glycemie","tag-maladie-auto-immune","tag-peptide-c","tag-traitement-diabete"],"yoast_head":"\n
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